GROWTH, CARCASS QUALITY AND CARDIOPATHOLOGY OF BOARS AND GILTS FED DIETS CONTAINING RAPESEED AND SOYBEAN OILS

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Abstract
Eighty-one boars and 81 gilts were fed to market weight (87 kg) diets containing 5 or 10% soybean oil and rapeseed oils (Brassica napus cv. Oro, B. campestris cv. Span and a mixture of B. campestris cv. Arlo and Echo) or a control diet to which no oil was added. Differences in growth rate were evident only up to the 4th wk of feeding, when rate of growth was higher (P <.05) with the soybean oil (SB) diets than with the control diet. Efficiency of feed conversion was highest (P <.05) for pigs fed the SB diets, and the higher level of oil increased significantly (P <.10) the depth of backfat. The performance of the boars surpassed that of the gilts for both growth and carcass quality measurements. In a second experiment, in which three groups each of 24 boars were fed for 112 days the control diet unsupplemented or supplemented with 20% soybean oil or 20% rapeseed oil (B. campestris cv. Arlo plus Echo), less feed was consumed (P <.01) by boars fed either oil diet than the control diet. Bodyweight gain by boars fed the rapeseed oil (RS) diet was inferior (P <.05) to those fed either the SB or the control diet. In none of the control, SB- and RS-fed boars were traces of fat accumulation detected in the heart. Small foci of necrosis accompanied by mononuclear cell infiltration were found in one control pig, one SB pig and three RS pigs. All pigs, except for two controls and one from each of the oil groups, showed degenerative calcified lesions in the left atrial endocardium.

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