Unusual antimicrobial compounds fromAeollanthus buchnerianus

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Abstract
Using bioassay guided isolation, three novel 12 carbon polyoxygenated fatty acids and a novel abietane diterpene have been isolated from the the chloroform extract of aerial parts ofAeollanthus buchnerianus (Lamiaceae). Rigorous spectroscopic methods were used for compound identification. (Z,Z)-8ζ-acetoxy-5ζ-hydroxydodeca-2,6-dienoic acid and (Z,Z)-5ζ,8ζ-dihydroxydodeca-2,6-dienoic acid inhibited the spore germination ofCladosporium cucumerinum (both with Minimum Inhibitory Dose (MID) values of 1 μg) andAspergillus niger (MID 5 and 25 μg respectively). Further, they also reduced the hyphal growth ofPythium ultimum. (Z)-5ζ-hydroxy-6ζ,7ζ,8ζ-triacetoxydodeca-2-dienoic acid exhibited short term inhibition of the growth ofCladosporium cucumerinum. The novel abietane diterpenoid, (rel)-14α-acetoxyabiet-7-en-18-oic acid inhibited the growth of the gram positive bacteriaBacillus subtilis, staphylococcus aureus andStreptomyces scabies (MIC values 80, 20 and 20 μg ml−1 respectively).