Intractable paroxysmal tachycardia caused by a concealed retrogradely conducting Kent bundle. Demonstration by epicardial mapping and cure of tachycardias by surgical interruption of the His bundle.

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Abstract
Electrophysiological and epicardial mapping studies are described in a patient without pre-excitation who had intractable recurrent paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. Electrophysiological studies revealed fixed VA conduction times during both rapid ventricular pacing and coupled ventricular stimulation. Catheter mapping of atrial activation during retrograde conduction and during induced paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia revealed early distal coronary sinus activation (posterior left atrium) relative to the low septal, low lateral, and high lateral right atrium. These studies suggested the presence of a concealed left-sided bypass tract. The patient underwent surgical interruption of the His bundle for control of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. Epicardial mapping of the atria (during ventricular pacing) confirmed the presence of a concealed left-sided bypass tract. Surgery produced antegrade av block (while retrograde conduction was maintained) and total cure of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. This is the first reported case of a concealed retrograde extranodal pathway documented by epicardial mapping.