Development and clinical validation of an expanded paired associate test with delayed recall

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Abstract
This study provided a normative data base for the Expanded Paired Associate Test (EPAT) and examined the test's clinical sensitivity in four groups of patients. Normative data were based on 306 neurologically normal adults (age range 18–91). Clinical groups included patients with severe head trauma (n = 36), left-hemisphere CVA (n = 25), right-hemisphere CVA (n = 61), and Alzheimer's Disease (n = 12). Analysis of normative data revealed significant age-related differences, with older subjects performing lower on both the Acquisition and Delayed Tasks. Group data revealed that patients in all four clinical groups performed significantly below age-matched controls. Further analysis revealed that virtually all the variability, and hence the predictability, of the test was a function of the hard associate pairs. EPAT scores did not correlate significantly with education or a measure of verbal intellectual ability.

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