Absolute Age of Formation and Relative Age of Intrusion of the Kimberlites of Yakutia

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Abstract
Phlogopite from Kimberlite pipes of the Arbarastakhsky massif is 661 million years or Riphean. However, the age of intrusion is shown to be post-Jurassic, i.e. less than 140 million years, on basis of an Upper Jurassic belemnite found in a xenolith. Previous theories of kimberlite formation are reviewed. It is concluded that kimberlite is intruded as a cold solid acting as a fluid under gravitational and tectonic pressures at great depth.–M. Russell