Is there a relationship between international trade and international travel?

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Abstract
This paper investigates, for the first time, whether there is a relationship between international trade and international travel flows using time series econometric techniques. Using data for Australia and four important travel and trading partners, the USA, the UK, NZ and Japan, the paper tests three specific hypotheses: that business travel leads to international trade; that international trade leads to international travel; and that international travel, other than business travel, leads to international trade. Using cointegration and Granger-causality approaches the paper finds support for prior beliefs that there is a relationship between international travel and international trade, and suggests that this may be a fruitful area for further research.