Crystal-Field Splitting and Kondo Effect in Zn-Mn

Magnetic-anisotropy measurements show evidence for the existence of crystal-field splitting of the transition-metal ion in zinc-manganese single crystals. Assuming the manganese ion has a spin value of 2, the maximum energy splitting $\Delta$ is 0.3°K. On the condition that $\frac{\Delta }{T}$, $\frac{T_{\mathrm{K}}}{T}<1\mathrm{}$, the Kondo behavior as indicated by the experimentally measured magnetic susceptibility is not seriously affected.