Most industrial applications of computer vision can be categorized into two groups. They are (1) visual inspection and (2) machine parts recognition. There are several review articles for automatic visual inspection [1,30,31]. This paper gives a brief review of robot vision system for machine part recognition. A robot vision system for machine parts recognition contains four sub-systems: (1) sensing, (2) segmentation, (3) description, and (4) recognition. A block diagram of such a system is shown in Fig. 1.