19·9%‐efficient ZnO/CdS/CuInGaSe2 solar cell with 81·2% fill factor

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Abstract
We report a new record total‐area efficiency of 19·9% for CuInGaSe2‐based thin‐film solar cells. Improved performance is due to higher fill factor. The device was made by three‐stage co‐evaporation with a modified surface termination. Growth conditions, device analysis, and basic film characterization are presented. Published in 2008 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Funding Information
  • US Department of Energy Photovoltaics program (DE-AC36-99GO10337 to NREL)