Sex chromosome pairing patterns in male mice of novel Sxr genotypes

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Abstract
The influence of the sex-reversal factor (Sxr) on X and Y chromosome pairing was examined by comparing males with “novel” and “standard” Sxr genotypes. The novel Sxr males were exceptional in carrying Sxr on their X rather than their Y chromosome, or homozygously on both their X and Y chromosomes, or on a Y chromosome of different origin to that on which the factor arose. Regardless of its chromosomal location, Sxr was found to elevate the frequency of X-Y separation. Univalent X and Y chromosomes were observed to undergo self-association in a variable proportion of spermatocytes of all Sxr-carrying males. There was a suggestion that chromosomal location of the factor could influence the frequency of univalent self-association. Our observations do not support the published hypothesis of Y self-pairing as the cause of the elevated rate of X-Y separation at pachytene in Sxr-carrying males. Rather, they suggest that heterozygosity due to the presence of Sxr in the XY pairing region may be sufficient to disrupt pairing and cause univalence, or alternatively, that Sxr is an inefficient promoter of X-Y pairing initiation.