ApoE-2/E-3 ratio of very low density lipoprotein in diabetes mellitus.

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Abstract
Apolipoprotein E (apoE) of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) in 22 diabetic patients was analyzed by the method of 1-dimensional isoelectrofocusing (IEF). The IEF-method of Kashyap et al. by which apoE isoproteins were easily and accurately determined was modified. The measurement of apoE-2/E-3 ratio was useful for determining apoE phenotypes. In 17 of 22 diabetics apoE phenotype was E3/3, while 3 patients showed E2/3 and 2 showed E3/4. ApoE-2/E-3 ratio was reduced from 0.91 .+-. 0.07 to 0.73 .+-. 0.04 (P < 0.05) by the 1 mo.-period treatment in 10 insulin required diabetics. The ratio was also reduced from 1.06 .+-. 0.14 to 0.89 .+-. 0.09 (P < 0.2) in 10 non-insulin required diabetics. The reduction in apoE-2/E-3 ratio was caused by an increase in apoE-3 band and a decrease in apoE-2 band which might be attributed to the changes in the sialic acid-content of isoproteins on the 1-dimensional IEF method. Therefore, apoE phenotypes in diabetic patients should be determined when their diabetic state is improved.