Measurement of Cerebral Circulation Time by Contrast-Enhanced Doppler Sonography

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Abstract
We present a new, non-invasive ultrasound method for the measurement of cerebral circulation time. After injection of a galactose-based echo-contrast agent (Levovist) into an antecubital vein, cerebral circulation time is measured as the interval between the beginning of a stable signal enhancement of at least 5 dB in the internal carotid artery and in the ipsilateral internal jugular vein. Both vessels are insonated simultaneously at the mandibular angle using a single 2-MHz range-gated transducer. For this study, 25 healthy volunteers ranging in age from 23 to 55 years (30.1 ± 7.5 years; mean ± SD) were examined. Cerebral circulation time was 5.6 ± 1.7 s without significant side-to-side or sex-related differences. Measurement of circulation times offers a new possibility for the employment of echo-contrast agents in functional ultrasound.

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