Asylum in the Amsterdam treaty: A harmonious future?

Abstract
The Amsterdam Treaty is set to bring about various changes both in the way asylum and immigration policies in the EU are developed and in their position in the overall picture of European integration. This article traces the development of European level cooperation on asylum matters through four phases, focusing on that oft‐stated, but as yet unmet, goal of harmonisation. For all its changes the Amsterdam Treaty looks like a missed opportunity for serious progress in asylum matters, not just for the states concerned, but also for protection‐seekers and Europeans seeking to maintain humanitarian standards. Above all, in seeking to create an undeveloped notion of freedom, security and justice in Europe, it appears that the member states and Commission yet again are in a situation of barely managing the present, while blindly planning for the great unknown of tomorrow.

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