The Additive Action of Some Organic Chlorides and Sulfides in the Four-Ball Lubricant Test

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Abstract
When tested by the four-ball extreme-pressure procedure, oil solutions of t-octyl chloride at the 2 percent chlorine level rated approximately equal to oil solutions of di-t-octyl disulfide at the 2 percent sulfur level, and both of these additive blends rated better than n-octyl chloride in oil at the 2 percent chlorine level or di-n-octyl disulfide in oil at the 2 percent sulfur level. n-Octyl chloride and di-n-octyl disulfide in oil at corresponding concentrations of active element were approximately equivalent in additive action. t-Octyl chloride was almost as good at the 1 percent as at the 2 percent chlorine level. Mixtures of di-t-octyl disulfide and t-octyl chloride in oil at the level 1 percent S-1 percent Cl rated approximately twice as well as di-t-octyl disulfide (2 percent S) or t-octyl chloride (2 percent Cl). Some finer points of the action of these additives were investigated by studying time-connected behavior at 50-kg and 100-kg loads. The action of the additives cannot be explained on the basis of their chemical structures only; interactions with the rubbing process in the four-ball machine also must be considered.