Neuron-specific enolase can be used as the sole guide to treat small-cell lung cancer patients in common clinical practice

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Abstract
Serum samples were collected from 115 small-cell lung cancer patients before each course of chemotherapy and during follow-up. Levels of neuronspecific enolase (NSE) were measured and compared to the clinical assessments of the course of the disease, which were done by the responsible physician without knowledge of NSE-values. The predictive accuracy of an increase or decrease of NSE for a major response (CR+PR), SD or PD was 98%. Importantly no falsepositive rises of NSE were observed. On the basis of this large number of data it seems justified to conclude that in common clinical practice the treatment of small-cell lung cancer patients can be monitored by serial measurements of NSE alone.

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