Expression of transforming growth factor-β3 by embryonal carcinoma cells, parietal endoderm-like cells and early mouse embryos

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Abstract
Utilizing the technique of reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), we have examined the expression of transforming growth factor-beta 3 (TGF-β3) by embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells, EC-derived differentiated cells and early mammalian embryos. Using a TGF-β bioassay, we determined that PYS-2 cells express considerable TGF-β activity that cannot be completely neutralized by antibodies specific for TGF-β1 and TGF-β2. We also have determined that PYS-2 cells, as well as F9 EC cells and their differentiated cells, express transcripts for TGF-β3. In addition, we have determined that blastocysts, cultured for three days in serum-containing medium, express TGF-β3 transcripts. Thus, our data suggest that expression of TGF-β3 is initiated during early stages of mammalian development.