Laboratory Selection of Diatraea saccharalis (F.) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) for Resistance to Fenvalerate and Monocrotophos

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Abstract
Sugarcane borer, Diatraea saccharalis (F.), larvae collected from selected sites in Louisiana were interbred, and the progeny were divided into separate colonies for laboratory selection with fenvalerate and monocrotophos. After 12 generations, 3.6- and 7.6- fold levels of resistance had developed in the fenvalerate and monocrotophos selected colonies, respectively. The fenvalerate-selected group also was found to be cross resistant (5-15-fold) to the pyrethroids permethrin, cypermethrin, flucythrinate, and Cyfluthrin (cyano(4-fluoro-3-phenoxy-phenyl)-methyl-3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethyl-cyclopropane-carboxylate) and less susceptible (2-3-fold) to the organophosphate monocrotophos. A reduction in the effectiveness of the pyrethroids was not observed for the monocrotophos selection except for a 2-fold change in response to permethrin. However, this group exhibited a 4- to 5-fold increase in resistance to carbofuran and ca. 2-fold to azinphosmethyl. Based on synergism studies with piperonyl butoxide, S,S,S-tributyl phosphoro trithioate, dimethylmaleate, and the broad spectrum of cross resistance, (1) increased metabolism does not appear to be the primary mechanism of resistance to fenvalerate, and (2) mixed-function oxidase and esterase activity may play a role in resistance to monocrotophos.

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