One hundred and sixty-three children with onset of nephrotic syndrome prior to 1959 are the subjects of this study. The average duration of follow-up was 16.5 years with 79% (129) being followed 15 years. The Life Table survival rate was 77% at 15 years. There were no correlations between the survival rate and the age of onset or sex of the patient. Hypertension in combination with azotemia, and/or hematuria was associated with a poorer prognosis. Twenty percent of the children showed a nonrelapsing course after the first year, whereas 45% experienced several relapses before achieving apparent cure. Ten percent had continued activity. Seventy-nine percent of the patients who were initially resistant to steroid therapy were dead at the 15-year follow-up.