Hemobilia Following Percutaneous Transhepatic Cholangiography

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Abstract
Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography is a safe, effective diagnostic procedure for use in evaluating the jaundiced patient. As in the case of most invasive diagnostic procedures, there is a risk: an overall mortality rate of 0.5% and morbidity rate of 3-10%. Fortunately hemobilia is an uncommon complication, encountered only 4 times in our series of 102 percutaneous cholangiograms. In every case of hemobilia the clotting parameters were normal. The one factor common to each case was distal obstruction of the extra hepatic bile ducts. This factor may play an important role in the etiology and therapy of post cholangiographic hemobilia. The hemorrhage subsided spontaneously in every case following surgical decompression of the bile ducts, and there was no further active bleeding postoperatively. The possible explanation for the cause of bleeding and the fact that it subsided following decompression of the bile ducts was discussed. All 4 patients survived this complication and in the 102 patients there were no deaths attributable to percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography.