The Gly16→Arg16and Gln27→Glu27Polymorphisms of β2-Adrenergic Receptor Are Associated with Metabolic Syndrome in Men

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Abstract
Endogenous catecholamines contribute to regulation of adipose tissue lipolysis, glucose homeostasis, and vascular tone. The goal of the present study was to assess the association between the Gly16→Arg16 and Gln27→Glu27 polymorphisms of the β2-adrenergic receptor and metabolic syndrome. Participants were recruited in a population survey and included 1195 men and women. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines. There were 276 patients with metabolic syndrome and 872 controls. The Gly16→Arg16 (P < 0.005) and Gln27→Glu27 (P < 0.04) polymorphisms were associated with metabolic syndrome in men, but not in women. In multivariate analyses adjusting for age, physical activity, smoking habits, alcohol consumption, and body mass index, the odds ratio of metabolic syndrome was 1.83 (95% confidence interval, 1.10–3.05) and 2.43 (95% confidence interval, 1.19–4.95) in men bearing the Gly16/Arg16 and Arg16/Arg16 genotypes, respectively. Similarly, the odds ratios of metabolic syndrome were 0.99 (95% confidence interval, 0.50–1.93) and 1.67 (95% confidence interval, 0.84–3.33) in men bearing the Gln27/Glu27 and Gln27/Gln27 genotypes, respectively. Because both variants were in linkage disequilibrium, a haplotype analysis was performed. There was no evidence of any statistically significant association between β2-adrenergic receptor haplotypes and metabolic syndrome. In conclusion, these data suggest that the Arg16 and Gln27 variants of the β2-adrenergic receptor gene contribute to metabolic syndrome susceptibility in men.

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