Classification of decayed Abiesamabilis logs

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Abstract
Pacific silver fir (Abies amabilis (Dougl.) Forbes) fallen logs near Snoqualmie Pass, Washington, USA, were classified according to visual, chemical, and physical characteristics. The purpose of the study was (i) to test differences in log classification according to three- and five-unit decay classes, and (ii) to determine which variables appeared to be successful descriptors of decay for Pacific silver fir. Discriminant analysis was used to select variables to describe decay levels. According to analyses, wood density and lignin and cellulose percentages were acceptable criteria for describing decay levels using either a three- or five-unit classification system. Using a three-unit system defined by field characteristics and laboratory measures, cellulose discriminated among the classes 67% of the time. The variable wood density could be successfully classified 60% of the time. With a five-unit decay class system, individual variables placed logs within classes with less than 50% accuracy. Combinations of variables such as cellulose, wood density, and wood failure level improved class discrimination. Combined field measures were less successful in discriminating decay classes than variables measured under laboratory conditions. Results showed that (i) selection of structural characteristics can change the allocation of logs to particular classes, and (ii) three decay classes could be defined more clearly than five decay classes.

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