Error estimates for the fast multipole method. I. The two-dimensional case

Abstract
The Greengard-Rokhlin algorithm is a new and interesting method for computing long-range interactions in particle systems. Although the method already has been implemented and claimed to be superior to traditional and other methods, no reliable estimates of the size of the error of the method have been given. We illustrate what the error actually is for the two-dimensional case, and derive an estimate for it. The estimate has a simple analytic form which will allow its use in tuning the algorithm for best efficiency.

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