Responses of Bufo Tadpoles (Amphibia, Anura, Bufonidae) to Laboratory Gradients of Temperature

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Abstract
B. boreas and B. hemiophrys tadpoles aggregated in 28-34.degree. C temperatures in laboratory gradients of 22.degree.-40.degree. C. B. americanus tadpoles aggregated in 27.5.degree.-37.degree. C temperatures in gradients of 11.degree.-42.degree. C. Lethal temperatures were 37.degree.-40.degree. C for B. boreas and 37.degree.-42.degree. C for B. americanus, respectively. The ability to locate and occupy an optimum temperature range is adaptive for the tadpoles. Bufo tadpoles aggregated in response to thermal gradients, although under natural conditions, other factors in addition to temperature are usually involved in aggregative behavior.

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