Topology of Ballooning Modes

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Abstract
I identified the topology and main physical characteristics of plasma modes that can be driven unstable by the periodically unfavorable magnetic-field curvature, along a given field line in a magnetic confinement configuration. The relevant analysis has been carried out in order to explain the results of numerical fluid codes recently developed and to connect them with those obtained by a nonfluid (kinetic) analysis of microinstabilities in regimes of thermonuclear interest.