How to prevent, recognize, and treat drug-induced nephrotoxicity.

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Abstract
From 5% to 30% of adult patients with acute leukemias present with hyperleukocytosis--very high white blood cell counts (> 100,000 cells/mm3)--and symptoms of leukostasis. These conditions are a medical emergency that needs prompt recognition and initiation of therapy to prevent respiratory failure or intracranial hemorrhage. Patients should be referred as soon as possible for induction chemotherapy and leukapheresis.

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