SPECIES DIFFERENTIATION OF ORAL LACTOBACILLI FROM MAN INCLUDING DESCRIPTIONS OF LACTOBACILLUS SALIVARIUS NOV SPEC AND LACTOBACILLUS CELLOBIOSUS NOV SPEC

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Abstract
500 oral lactobacilli were isolated from 130 children. The concept, that the oral lactobacilli are a single sp., L. acidophilus, is not substantiated by the evidence. At least 2 spp. were present simultaneously in 60% and 3 spp. in 23% of the samples. The % of the isolates and of the samples in which they appeared were, respectively L. casei, 39.2 and 59.2; L. acidophilus, 11 and 21.5; L. salivarius, 2.2 and 6.2; L. plantarum, 2 and 2.3; L. arabinosus, and 3.1; L. fermenti, 308 and 45.4; L. buchneri, 5 and 10; L. brevis, 6.2 and 16.9; L. cellobiosus, 1.2 and 1.5; and unidentifiable strains, 1.2 and 3. The characteristics of these spp. are descr. and their ecological relationships are discussed. The above known spp. are identical with organisms previously found in a wide variety of fermenting materials in nature. New and more extensive tests, including nutritional requirements, have been applied in this study. The spp. have been conceived by means of a correlation of characteristics in which adaptive fermentations are considered. Repeated tests on fermentative and other characteristics in nutritionally adequate media demonstrate that variations of individual strains are insignificant.