Speciation Profile of Cadmium and its Bioconcentration in an Aquatic System

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Abstract
A study on speciation profile of cadmium and its bioconcentration in an aquatic ecosystem was undertaken. Inorganic-metallic species of cadmium along with ionic, soluble and total cadmium content were measured in the aquatic phase. Inorganic-metallic cadmium species were quantified by working out the conditional stability constants of cadmium with various inorganic ligands. Speciation profile of cadmium shows that the major fraction of cadmium is represented by soluble (including ionic) forms, and within this fraction the inorganic-metallic species are present in pico-molar concentrations. Bioconcentration studies show Cd deposits in fish tissues and in the planktonic fauna and flora. Cadmium (II) concentrations in the teleost, Colisa fasciatus and its correlation with Cd++ in the exposure medium; exemplifies that the ionic species of cadmium represent the principal bioavailable forms. Strong correlations between concentrations of Cd in the exposure medium with that of whole body Colisa fasciatus teleost levels corroborate that this teleost fish is a suitable bioindicator species. It acclimatizes very quickly to the free Cd++. Study also reports that Cd++ complexes with inorganic ligands are present in so low concentrations (pico-molar) that can not have any effects on the biota.

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