Distribution of alcohol dehydrogenase in roots and shoots of rice (Oryza sativa) and Echinochloa seedlings

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Abstract
Aerobically germinated seedlings of rice and Echinochloa were found to survive when placed in an anaerobic environment for 4 d, whereas pea and maize seedlings did not. Although root and shoot growth were inhibited in rice and Echinochloa under anaerobiosis, growth resumed when the seedlings were returned to aerobic conditions. Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity increased more, and protein synthesis was greater, in the shoots than in the roots under anaerobic conditions. These results suggest that, in anaerobiosis‐tolerant species, ADH activity and protein synthesis in the shoots represents or results from metabolic adaptations to low oxygen. These results are discussed in terms of plant establishment and growth in a low‐oxygen environment.