Effect of synthetic bag cell and atrial gland peptides on identified nerve cells in Aplysia

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Abstract
We have examined the effects of peptides on the neuroendocrine bag cells, the R2 neuron and the left upper quadrant (LUQ) neurons of the abdominal ganglion of Aplysia californica. Peptides include those extracted from the atrial gland, a reproductive organ; those released by an afterdischarge of the bag cells; and 2 synthetic peptides: the amidated 9‐amino acid C‐terminal portion of atrial gland peptides A/B/ERH (B26–34), and the 8‐amino acid alpha‐bag cell peptide (α‐BCP1–8). Peptides were applied by superfusion, arterial perfusion, pressure ejection from micropipettes, or by inducing a bag cell afterdischarge. Both α‐BCP1–8 and B26–34 are able to produce a bag cell afterdischarge when applied to the abdominal ganglion but are not as effectively able to trigger the bag cells when applied selectively to the ganglia of the head ring. Peptides released by the bag cells inhibit R2 and LUQ neurons; whereas atrial gland extract mildly excites LUQ neurons and powerfully excites R2. The inhibitory effect of the LUQ cells and R2 following an afterdischarge of the bag cells in mimicked by α‐BCP1–8. The excitatory effect of the atrial gland extract cannot be duplicated with B26–34. Rather, instead of having an excitatory effect on R2 and LUQ cells, B26–34 seems to mimick α‐BCP1–8 and inhibit these neurons. Both peptides produce a membrane conductance increase in R2 and LUQ cells.