Cicindelid beetles without multiple sex chromosomes (Coleoptera, Caraboidea)

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Abstract
The spermatogenesis of three species of Spanish cicindelid beetles has been studied. Megacephala euphratica has 2n = 30 + X, Cicindela paludosa has 2n = 14 + X and is polymorphic for B chromosomes, and C. littorea has 2n = 18 + X1X2X3Y. Differences in chromosome size and length, recombination index, and other cytogenetic characters are found between species. These differences suggest some evolutionary patterns for the autosomes and the heterosomes of the subfamily Cicindelinae, which are considered in relation to the systematics of this taxon.Key words: Cicindelid beetles, chromosome number, sex chromosomes.