Levels inCa43andCa46Studied by theCa43(d,d′),Ca46(d,d′), andCa46(p,p′)Reactions

The ${}_{}{}^{43}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ca}(d,d^{\prime })$ and ${}_{}{}^{46}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ca}(d,d^{\prime })$ reactions were studied at bombarding energies of 8.522 and 10.005 MeV, respectively. The deuterons were recorded on photographic emulsions in a multiple-gap heavy-particle spectrograph with an energy resolution of 15 keV. The measured angular distributions were analyzed using the distorted-wave theory, and probable values of the angular-momentum change involved in the excitations were determined. The absolute cross sections are compared with the predictions obtained by using shell-model wave functions as well as collective vibrational wave functions. A simple model for the deuteron-nucleus interaction is introduced. In addition to the ($d,d^{\prime }$) experiments, the ${}_{}{}^{46}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ca}(p,p^{\prime })$ reaction was studied at 3.8- and 7.00-MeV bombarding energies. The energies (in MeV) of the states observed in ${}_{}{}^{46}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ca}$ and their assigned spins and parities are 1.347 ($2^{+}$), 2.423, 2.575, 3.023 (2, $3^{+}$), 3.614 ($3^{-}$), 3.645, 3.780, and 4.434 ($3^{-}$). In ${}_{}{}^{43}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ca}(d,d^{\prime })$ we observe levels at $0.369 \left({\frac{5}{2}}^{-}\right)$, $0.595 \left({\frac{3}{2}}^{-}\right)$, 1.675 (11/2?-), 1.932 (?-), $2.051 \left({\frac{3}{2}}^{-}\right)$, 2.070 (15/2?-), $2.098 \left(\frac{9}{2} {?}^{-}\right)$, and 2.252 (?-) MeV.