Physico-Chemical Properties and Local Toxic Effects of Injectables

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Abstract
In Japan, many cases of muscle contracture as a sequela of injections have been reported. The physico-chemical properties and muscle-damaging potential of many injectables which are commonly used in hospitals were studied. The pH of the injectables ranged widely from 1.4 to 12.8, and the osmotic ratio from 0.2 to 36. Their hemolytic potential was closely related to the severity of the muscle lesions in animal experiments and there were many injectables with strong muscle-damaging potentials. Doctors should evidently be informed of the physico-chemical properties and tissue-damaging potential of each injectable; pharmaceutical companies should exert all possible efforts to improve injectables; and doctors should keep the administration of i.m. injections to a minimum and use them only in cases of actual need.

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