Multiple self-consistent solutions at zero bias and multiple conduction curves in quantum tunneling diodes incorporating N−-N+-N− spacer layers

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Abstract
We report the existence of multiple self‐consistent solutions to the coupled Schrödinger and Poisson equations for diodes that combine a tunneling heterostructure with an unusual N−‐N+‐N− spacer layer scheme. The solutions give rise to multiple, distinct current‐voltage curves that extend from zero bias. Within the single electron coherent tunneling model, we find four distinct self‐consistent solutions even at zero bias in a symmetric device based on a double‐barrier quantum‐well tunneling structure.