Comparative studies between rates of incorporation of branched-chain amino acids and their .ALPHA.-ketoanalogues into rat tissue proteins under different dietary conditions.

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Abstract
Male albino rats (110-120 g) were fed for 10 days on an amino acid diet low in N (N = 1.05%) devoid of valine, leucine and isoleucine and supplemented with branched-chain .alpha.-ketoacids (9.4%) (BCKA-diet). Pair-fed controls received an isocaloric diet (AA-diet) which contained the 3 branched-chain amino acids [BCAA] (1.4%) instead of the .alpha.-ketoacids (N = 1.2%). A 3rd group was fed on a standard diet. Measuring rates of incorporation of radioactive leucine, valine and their corresponding .alpha.-ketoacids into liver, kidney, heart and brain proteins of rats fed on a standard diet revealed that in liver, BCKA are incorporated to a lesser extent than the corresponding amino acids. The same was also observed with the BCKA-diet, while the AA-diet reduced BCAA incorporation with the consecutive improvement of the relative incorporation of BCKA over that of BCAA. Injection of BCAA and BCKA results in equal rates of incorporation in kidney and heart proteins. Injecting BCKA leads to higher incorporation rates in brain than injecting BCAA. Thus rates of incorporation of BCKA differ dependent on the tissue and on the diet applied. They are not consistent with those of BCAA.

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