Proteinase inhibitors and other biochemical criteria in infants and primary schoolchildren from urban and rural environments

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Abstract
1. Preschool children and schoolchildren from a rural area in the northeast of Thailand were compared with children from urban areas for prealbumin, albumin, transferrin, α1B-glycoprotein, the acute-phase reactants α1-acid glycoprotein, α1-antichymotrypsin. haptoglobin and the proteinase inhibitors α1-protease inhibitor (AlPI) as well as α1-macroglobulin (α2M). Urinary urea nitrogen: creatinine (U-C) as well as haemoglobin were also determined. Village preschool children were grouped according to their SD score for weight-for-height based on the (US) National Center for Health Statistics (1976) standard into a normal group with SD scores of ≥ −1.99 and an undernourished group with SD scores of ≤ −2.00.2. There was no significant difference between the normal and the undernourished groups of preschool children for any of the factors measured.3. Haemoglobin and prealbumin concentrations of preschool children were lower in the rural children than in the urban preschool children from Bangkok.4. In rural schoolchildren haemoglobin was lower but albumin, transfemn, α1B-glycoprotein and haptoglobin were higher than in urban schoolchildren from the provincial town of Khon Kaen.5. Serum concentrations of the proteinase inhibitors AlPI and α2M were significantly higher in the rural children than in the urban children.6. U-C values were lower in rural schoolchildren compared with urban schoolchildren.

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