Anatomical Basis of Variability in Injuries of the Medial Malleolus and the Deltoid Ligament:I. Anatomical Studies

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Abstract
An anatomical study of the medial malleolus and the deltoid ligament of the ankle on fresh and formalin preserved legs of [human] cadavera and amputation specimens was carried out. The anterior and posterior colliculi, and the intercollicular groove of the medial malleolus were described. The deltoid ligament 2 layers: the superficial, attached primarily to the anterior colliculus, consisting of the naviculotibial, calcaneotibial and superficial talotibial ligaments; the deep layer consisting of the deep anteriorr and posterior talotibial ligaments attached primarily to the posterior colliculus and the intercollicular groove. These findings are at variance with previous descriptions of the deltoid ligament.

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