NAD(P)H-dependent chromium (VI) reductase of Pseudomonas ambigua G-1: a Cr(V) intermediate is formed during the reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III)

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Abstract
An NAD(P)H-dependent Cr(VI) reductase (molecular weight = 65,000) was purified from a Cr(VI)-resistant bacterium, Pseudomonas ambigua G-1. Stoichiometric analysis of the enzymatic reaction showed that the enzyme catalyzed the reduction of 1 mol of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) while consuming 3 mol of NADH as an electron donor. Chromium(VI) was reduced to Cr(V) by one equivalent NADH molecule in the absence of the enzyme. Electron spin resonance analysis showed that Cr(V) species (g = 1.979) was formed during the enzymatic reduction. The amount of Cr(V) species formed was about 10 times larger than that of the nonezymatic reduction. These findings show that the Cr(VI) reductase reduced Cr(VI) to Cr(III) with at least two reaction steps via Cr(V) as an intermediate.