Comparison of results for chemical and thermal treatment of contaminated dredged sediments

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Abstract
This article describes the main results of research work on chemical and thermal treatment techniques from a special programme, subsidised by the Dutch government. The aim was development and demonstration of treatment processes for contaminated dredged sediments. Studied treatment processes were thio-leaching, EDTA-extraction, solvent-extraction, extraction with supercritical carbon dioxide, wet air oxidation and thermal desorption. All processes were performed on laboratory scale, some also on pilot scale or even at full scale. Three processes were selected as potential remediation processes based on their clean-up results (> 99% removal of specific contaminants): solvent-extraction, wet air oxidation and thermal desorption. Wet air oxidation of slurred fines and thermal treatment of dewatered sediment were demonstrated successfully at full scale. The demonstrations were performed respectively by the VerTech plant for wet air oxidation of sewage sludge at Apeldoorn and Ecotechniek's plant for thermal treatment of contaminated soil at Rotterdam. Pilot-plant testing of solvent-extraction with acetone in counter current was delayed due to mixing problems in the settler-extractor. A description of the three selected processes is presented, as well as the performance characterised by treatment results, re-use of treated sediments, consumption of energy and raw materials, emissions to air and surface water, investment costs and operational costs.

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