Treatment of Acute Hypoxemic Nonhypercapnic Respiratory Insufficiency With Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Delivered by a Face Mask

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Abstract
Patients with severe hypoxemic acute respiratory insufficiency often require life-supporting mechanical ventilation (MV). The placement of an endotracheal tube to allow for MV is associated with a significant risk of local airway injury and ventilator-associated pneumonia. Several studies found that noninvasive ventilation (NIV) reduced the need for endotracheal intubation in patients with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).1,2