Closed-Loop Positioning of Hemiplegic Patient's Joint by Means of Functional Electrical Stimulation

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Abstract
We report about the results on positioning of the ankle joint of a hemiplegic patient and of normal experimental subjects, using functional electrical stimulation (FES) of antagonistic muscle groups and position feedback. Such a controller is intended to be used as the execution level of a multilevel orthotic system. The synthesis of the controller has been made with the aid of the components of an analog hybrid computer. Experimental results show that the static and dynamic properties of regulated movements are not essentially inferior to the properties of voluntary movements. There are stated technological problems that will have to be solved before the controller can be clinically applied for rehabilitation purposes. At the present state of the art, the poor technology of FES, the unsolved problem of fatigue with FES muscles, size, price, and bad cosmetic effect prevent the position controller from being clinically applicable.

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