44 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, treated with placebo injns. and observed for a year or longer, were compared with a group of 28 patients treated with aurothio-glycolanilide (Lauron-Endo) for 6 months and observed for an additional 6 mos. Comparison between these 2 groups was made on a basis of changes in sedimentation rates and subjective improve-ment. There was no apparent beneficial effect from the drug. In evaluating the effects of therapy in rheumatoid arthritis, the necessity for completely parallel controls is emphasized.