Spectrophotometric determination of cephalexin and ampicillin using o-hydroxyhydroquinonephthalein and palladium (II).

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Abstract
A new sensitive, rapid and simple spectrophotometric method for the determination of cephalexin (CEX) and ampicillin (AB-PC) was established using o-hydroxyhydroquinonephthalein (Qn. Ph.) and palladium (II) [Pd (II)] at a low concentration of cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC) in weak acidic media. This method is based on the fact that the intensity of the absorption peak of Qn. Ph. -Pd (II) complex at 630 nm is decreased significantly by the addition of CEX or AB-PC, and the decrease in the absorbance is proportional to the concentration of CEX or AB-PC. The method could be used in the concentration range up to -17μg/10 ml of CEX and -14μg/10 ml of AB-PC, where the spectrophotometric sensitivities were estimated to be 0.0015μg/cm2 for CEX and 0.0012μg/cm2 for AB-PC for an absorbance unit of 0.001 at 630 nm, and was applied to the determination of CEX or AB-PC in pharmaceutical preparations.

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