Transnasal Endoscopic Repair of Congenital Choanal Atresia

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Abstract
CONGENITAL choanal atresia (CCA) was first described by Johann Roderer in 1755 in the clinical evaluation of a newborn with total choanal obstruction.1 Otto, however, was credited with first describing it to Roderer in 1830.2 In 1854, Emmert reported the first successful operation for CCA on a 7-year-old boy, which he had performed 3 years earlier using a curved trocar transnasally.2 Four hypotheses of the embryological origin of the disorder exist, but none has been proved. These include (1) the persistence of the nasobuccal membrane of Hochstetter (2) or of the foregut buccopharyngeal membrane, (3) abnormal mesodermal adhesions forming in the nasal choanae, and (4) a misdirection of mesodermal flow due to local factors.1

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