Gastrointestinal Microbleeding Associated with the Use of Etodolac, Ibuprofen, Indomethacin, and Naproxen in Normal Males

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Abstract
Etodolac, a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory and analgesic drug, was used in a randomized, parallel group, open‐label design study, with stool analysis conducted in a blind fashion, to compare its effect in normal men in doses of 400 mg (N = 11) and 600 mg (N = 12) b.i.d. on gastrointestinal microbleeding with that of 600 mg ibuprofen, q.i.d. (N = 12), 50 mg indomethacin in the morning, 50 mg at noon, and 100 mg h.s. (N = 9), and 375 mg naproxen b.i.d. (N = 9). Etodolac was given at about 2 1/2 and 3 1/2 times the mean effective dose used for treating patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The other drugs were given at their manufacturers' maximum recommended doses. Lead‐in placebo was given for one week, active drug for one week, and washout placebo for one week. Fecal blood loss was measured by the 51Cr‐tagged red cell method, and was averaged over days 4–7 (baseline), 11–14 (treatment period), and 17–20 (washout). The mean increase in blood loss for the treatment period for the 400 mg etodolac b.i.d. group (0.13 ml) and 600 mg etodolac b.i.d. group (0.10 ml) was significantly less (P = 0.001) than the corresponding values for ibuprofen (1.14 ml), indomethacin (1.20 ml), and naproxen (0.87 ml). There was no tendency for greater blood loss at higher doses of etodolac. Etodolac at doses in excess of the mean effective dose in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis caused significantly less microbleeding in normal male volunteers during the seven‐day treatment period than the other drugs tested, and not clinically more than that occurring during baseline placebo.