Plasma levels of 17-OH-progesterone and testosterone in patients with varicoceles

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Abstract
To study Leydig cell function in patients with varicoceles, plasma levels of the most important testicular steroids, 17-OH-progesterone (17-OH-P) and testosterone (T) in the basal condition and after hCG [human chorionic gonadotropin] stimulation were determined. There was a significant inverse linear correlation between age, plasma testosterone and 17-OH-P (n = 65, r = 0.316, P = 0.01, n = 48, r = 0.532, P = 0.01). This was in contrast to the absence of such correlations in normal men in the same age range. Following hCG stimulation in 16 patients the 17-OH-P/T ratio was significantly increased with respect to normal controls. No correlation was observed between sperm count and age in varicocele patients. Analysis of variance of 17-OH-P plasma levels between the patients with a sperm count less than 10 million/ml and that of more than 10 million/ml did not reveal any significant difference. The deleterious effects of varicocele on seminiferous tubules and Leydig cells apparently are unrelated. Moreover the increased 17-OH-P/T ratio after hCG stimulation suggests that some enzymatic impairment involving the last steps of testosterone biosynthesis exists in patients with varicoceles. This is evident in middle aged varicocele patients with a premature decrease of plasma levels of testosterone.