Estimating Alcohol Consumption: Measurement and Policy Issues Related to Legal and Illegal Sources of Alcohol

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Abstract
There are several challenges to obtaining an accurate estimate of alcohol consumption and per capita consumption in a jurisdiction. There are difficulties in estimating the extent of illegal production and fraudulent transportation activities. In some jurisdictions there is extensive home production, which is difficult to estimate. There are challenges to estimating the amount of alcohol that is brought into a country or is taken out, primarily by individuals. This includes “slippage” between official and unofficial production and consumption. As drinking preferences change and stronger or weaker brands are marketed, the conventional conversion factors from beverage to absolute alcohol volumes need to be adjusted. Finally, in light of extensive international travel there are challenges in determining the appropriate denominators in calculating some rates of consumption or damage. The eight papers in this special issue of Contemporary Drug Problems address a number ofthe challenges related to measurement issues and to estimating “unrecorded” consumption, and they note the underlying social and political dynamics and the applications of estimates. They also point to the need forfurther research on the reasons for gaps between different estimation methods, consequences ofhigh rates ofsmuggling or use ofillegal alcohol, and impacts ofvarious interventions to curtail illegal consumption.