EFFECT OF VACCINATION AGAINST BOVINE MYXOVIRUS PARAINFLUENZA-3 BEFORE WEANING AND AT TIME OF WEANING ON NATURAL HISTORY OF RESPIRATORY DISEASE IN BEEF CALVES

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Abstract
Two hundred seventy 4- to 5-mo. old Hereford calves were studied. Thirty days before weaning, 30 bull calves and 39 grade steers were vaccinated with 10 ml of bovine myxovirus parainfluenza-3 vaccine into which an adjuvant had been incorporated. At the time of weaning, 15 calves of each vaccinated group received a 2nd dose. The unvaccinated control group consisted of 210 calves. Six to 10 days after assignment to groups after weaning, of cases of acute respiratory disease occurred; 3 were in the control group, 7 in calves given on dose of vaccine, and 2 in the group receiving 2 doses. Fifteen isolations of bovine myxovirus parainfluenza-3 were made from the affected calves. Weight gains were significantly greater in vaccinated calves with the exception of steer calves that had a very low attack ratio. The attack ratio was highest in calves from dams 3 years old. Geometric mean serum hemagglutination titers were lowest in yearling heifers and highest in cows 10 years old. No antibodies were detected in paired serum samples from affected calves when tested against antigens of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, virus diarrhea, adeno-viruses, swine influenza A, A2/Japan/305/57, or A2/Japan/170/62. In one of the persons in close contact with the calves antibody to bovine myxovirus parainfluenza-3 developed.

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