A surface-plasmon-resonance analysis of polylysine interactions with a peptide substrate of protein kinase CK2 and with the enzyme

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Abstract
The mechanism of protein kinase CK2 (CK2) activity stimulation by polylysine has been studied by surface plasmon resonance (SPR). The kinetics of the polylysine interaction with a peptide substrate of the enzyme, and with the enzyme itself, have been investigated. A peptide containing a threonine (T) residue surrounded by a cluster of negatively charged acidic [arginine (R) and glutamic acid (E)] residues, RRREEETEEE, and specifically phosphorylated by CK2, was selected. Polylysine interacts with both the enzyme and the peptide substrate. The rate constant, the stoichiometry of the polylysine–peptide substrate interaction and the kinetic parameters of the stimulated enzyme were used to calculate the polylysine-dependent stimulation of CK2. The results are in agreement with experimentally determined polylysine-dependent stimulation. The polylysine–enzyme interaction is too slow to account for enzyme stimulation. The behaviour of polylysine is not reproduced by the polyamine spermine. The results are consistent with a substrate-mediated mechanism of CK2 stimulation by polylysine, and they suggest that the CK2 stimulation by polyamines occurs by a different mechanism.