Anti-Aids Agents, 2: Inhibitory Effect of Tannins on HIV Reverse Transcriptase and HIV Replication in H9 Lymphocyte Cells

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Abstract
Nine tannins, including gallo-and ellagitannins were evaluated as potential inhibitors of HIV replication. 1,3,4-Tri-O-galloylquinic acid, 3,5-di-O-galloylshikimic acid, 3,4,5,-tri-O-galloylshikimic acid, punicalin, and punicalagin inhibited HIV replication in infected H9 lymphocytes with little cytotoxicity. Two compounds, punicalin and punicacoretin C, inhibited purified HIV reverse transcriptase with ID50 of 8 and 5 .mu.M, respectively. Further studies with H9 lymphocytes indicated that chebulagic acid and punicalin did not inactivate virus directly. However, 1,3,4-tri-O-galloylquinic acid and 3,5-di-O-galloylshikimic acid were more effective inhibitors under those conditions. All tannins appear to inhibit virus-cell interactions. Thus in spite of their anti-RT activity, the mechanism by which tannins inhibit HIV may not be associated with this enzyme.