Regulation of phosphate influx in barley roots: Effects of phosphate deprivation and reduction of influx with provision of orthophosphate

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Abstract
Barley plants were grown in nutrient solutions, which were maintained at either 0 (‐P) or 15 μMorthophosphate (+P). After 11 days phosphate influx into the intact roots of the ‐P plants began to increase by comparison with +P plants. During this period differences became apparent between the treatments in absolute growth rates, as well as in the root:shoot ratios. Phosphate influx in the ‐P plants continued to increase as a function of time, to a maximum value of 2.4 μmol (g fresh wt)‐1h‐1at 16 days after germination. This rate was 6 times higher than influx values for +P plants of the same age. During the period of enhanced uptake phosphate was strongly correlated (r2= 0.77) with root organic phosphate concentration. – The enhancement of inorganic phosphate influx into intact roots of ‐P plants was rapidly reduced by the provision of 15 μMorthophosphate. Typically, within 4 h of exposure to this concentration of phosphate, influx values fell from 1.80 ± 0.20 to 0.75 ± 0.03 μmol (g fresh wt)‐1h‐1, while inorganic phosphate concentrations of the roots increased from 0.12 to 1.15 μmol (g fresh wt)‐1during the same period. Hill plots of the influx data obtained during this period, treating root inorganic phosphate as an inhibitor of influx, gave Hill coefficients close to 2. The rapidity of the reduction of influx associated with increased root inorganic phosphate together with the Hill plot data provide evidence for an allosteric inhibition of influx by internal inorganic phosphate.